Topical ethyl chloride fine spray. Does it have any antimicrobial activity?

Aim

The aim of this study was to assess whether ethyl chloride fine spray (Cryogesic^®) has antimicrobial activity.

Material and methods

Blood agar plates supplemented with 5% horse blood were inoculated with five different organisms, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Streptococcus pyogenes and Enterococcus faecalis. The plates were assessed for growth inhibition at 24 and 48h by the microbiologist and compared with the non-sprayed control plates.

Results

The model showed a highly significant (p<0.0001) reduction in bacterial count for the plates treated with fine ethyl chloride spray. The estimate of the percentage of bacteria remaining after spraying with ethyl chloride was 42.7%, with a 95% confidence interval of 35.9–50.9%. There was no evidence that the effect of ethyl chloride fine spray was different for the different organisms (p=0.49).

Conclusion

The use of ethyl chloride shows bacterial count reduction but the clinical implication of this needs to be determined. The authors postulate that any statistically significant reduction can only be helpful in reducing the infection rates. This coupled with the already proven local anaesthetic effects of ethyl chloride will make it an important tool for procedures like arthrocentesis and venepunctures.